Social pension in 2020: size and latest changes

What is social pension

Today, pensions in the Russian Federation for older people are of several types:

• Insurance. Received by persons who have reached retirement age and have appropriate insurance experience.
• State. Paid to military personnel, WWII participants, liquidators of radiation accidents and man-made disasters, and municipal employees.
• Social. Intended for unemployed disabled people and people who do not have enough insurance coverage.

Each of them is divided into subtypes depending on the conditions necessary to obtain it. A social pension is a fixed monetary allowance allocated from the federal budget to people who, due to psychophysical development, illness, current life situation, have not worked at all or their existing work experience does not give them the opportunity to receive another type of pension.

Difference from insurance

In order to understand how social pension differs from insurance, it is necessary to identify the conditions under which the latter is allocated. Social benefits for old age in 2020 are assigned if at least one of the circumstances is not met. The main one is reaching the age limit. It is 60 for men and 55 for women, although sometimes people can retire earlier (this issue is regulated by separate regulations). Additionally, you need to have a certain pension coefficient:

• 2017 – 11,4;
• 2018 – 13,8;
• 2019 – 15.2 and. etc. in increments of 2.4 until the reading reaches 30 by 2025.

Another condition that must be met is the presence of a certain length of employment, provided that all this time deductions have been made from the worker’s salary to the Pension Fund. For 2020 this figure is 8 years, and for 2018 it will be set at 9 years. Then it will continue to increase:

• 2019 – 10;
• 2020 – 11;
• 2021 – 12;
• 2022 – 13;
• 2023 – 14;
• from 2024 – 15.

The social pension is financed from the federal budget, while the insurance pension is financed from the budget formed by the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, which is formed from:

• insurance premiums;
• deductions from the unified social tax;
• federal budget funds;
• funds received through capitalization, etc.

Amount of fixed payment to the insurance pension

As of the end of 2020, the fixed pension payment is equal to 4805.11 rubles, which are accrued every month. This amount can be increased if the pensioner is included in the preferential list - then, depending on the category, the amount of the additional payment will be 6246.64-21622.99 rubles. The table shows the categories of citizens who have the right to a monthly fixed payment:

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Who receives a social pension in Russia

State allowance is calculated based on several criteria and is based on:

• Upon reaching the age limit and lacking insurance coverage or pension coefficients.
• Disabled people of groups 1, 2, 3 and people with disabilities since childhood who have reached adulthood but have never been employed or worked unofficially (without making contributions to the Pension Fund). The time and reason for incapacity for work do not matter. The category must be determined based on the results of a medical and social examination.
• For disabled children. This category includes minors with congenital or acquired disabilities.
• Due to the loss of a breadwinner. If, after the death of a person, his family has minor children or other disabled dependents, they can apply for pension benefits. The age of children is limited to 18 years, but if they are students or full-time students of educational institutions, the age limit is set at 23 years.
• Indigenous residents of small peoples of the Far North and other areas included in this list.

How can an employee find out his future pension with indexation?

I'm retired, but I continue to work. I wonder how much it will grow after I stop working? Is it possible to find out this in advance?

O. Smirnova, Izhevsk

This information can be found in your Personal Account on the Pension Fund website. For working pensioners, the Personal Account reflects both the amount of the insurance pension without indexation and taking into account all current indexations. As soon as you finish your working career, you will receive this pension amount.

While the pensioner is working, his pension is adjusted annually on August 1. Unlike traditional indexation, in which the pension amount increases by a fixed percentage, the August recalculation depends on the size of the pensioner’s salary: the higher it is, the greater the increase in pension. Pensioners who worked in 2020 received an increase in their insurance pensions in August 2020, based on the amount of pension coefficients they earned during periods of work last year. At the same time, the maximum increase is limited to three pension coefficients.

In addition, the size of the increase is affected by the date when the person retired, since the recalculation uses the value of the pension point established at the time of the person’s retirement.

In 2020, the current value of the pension coefficient is 93 rubles.

To receive an increase in your pension, you do not need to go to the Pension Fund and write an application; the adjustment occurs automatically.

As of the beginning of 2020, there are 9 million 315 thousand working pensioners in Russia.

Legal regulation

The legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of calculating pension payments and monitoring the implementation of pension provision is represented by a large number of regulations adopted at both the federal and regional levels. Among the main ones it is worth mentioning:

• The Constitution of the Russian Federation, which states that every citizen has the right to social security in old age and the conditions for the payment of pension benefits.
• Law No. 166-FZ. We are talking about state pension provision; it is used to guide the calculation of allowances.
• Law No. 111-FZ. Here are the conditions for participation in the funded pension.
• Law No. 167-FZ. Reflects the rules of insurance, the financial and legal sphere of providing for citizens.
• Law No. 173-FZ. The conditions necessary to receive old-age social benefits and the procedure for making accruals are considered.

Based on what laws are social pensions calculated?

Many laws are responsible for the calculation and accrual of monthly maintenance in the Russian Federation. The greatest attention is focused on the category of citizens who have crossed the age threshold. Payments in Russia are controlled not only by local authorities, but also by federal authorities, which include:

The Constitution of the Russian Federation, which fixes the rights of all Russians to receive social protection when they are unable to take care of themselves on their own due to old age or other significant reasons.

1. Federal Law No. 166, adopted on December 15, 2001, is responsible for the emergence of the right to pension benefits, as well as for the procedure for its calculation.
2. Federal Law No. 173, adopted on December 17, 2001, defines a number of necessary conditions to qualify for social benefits. However, in 2020, a new reform was introduced in the country, changing the system for labor pensions.

Conditions for assigning social pensions in 2020

To calculate and receive old-age social benefits in 2018, it is necessary that a person meets certain criteria. The main factor is that a citizen, in addition to social benefits, should not have additional income to his own budget, otherwise the right to payments is lost. Additionally, the citizen’s place of residence and his age are taken into account.

Russian citizenship

All citizens of the Russian Federation have the right to receive old-age social benefits in 2020 if their insurance coverage is less than 9 years. If a person permanently resides in Russia, but is a citizen of another state, he has the right to apply for payments to the Pension Fund. According to the law, he must have a residence permit in hand, which will certify that the period of residence on the territory of the Russian Federation is at least 15 years - this is the main condition for foreigners to receive social benefits, in addition to the lack of experience.

Age criteria

Depending on the type of pension that a citizen is applying for, he must be a certain number of years old. To receive labor pension benefits, a woman must be 55 years old, and a man must be 60 years old, but for the purpose of old-age social benefits, the age range is large and, according to the law, increases by 5 years at once:

• up to the 65th birthday for the stronger sex;
• up to 60 – for the fair half.

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Many citizens of the country are interested in whether there are any benefits or conditions for early receipt of a social old-age pension in 2018. The only exceptions are representatives of the small peoples of the North and Siberia:

• Aleuts;
• Nenets;
• Chukchi;
• Evenks;
• Itelmens.

Peculiarities of accrual for the peoples of the Far North

Back in 1999, a separate document No. 82-FZ was adopted, which established the right of representatives of certain nationalities to receive old-age social benefits. The law establishes the age at which indigenous peoples have the right to receive benefits from the state. The document was adopted with the aim of state support and protection of citizens leading a nomadic lifestyle, subsistence farming and engaged in folk crafts. The social old-age pension in 2020, as before, will be assigned:

• for men when they reach 55 years of age;
• women over 50 years old.

What is the size of payments after indexation in April?

The average benefit will increase by 200 rubles, and holders of higher salaries will be able to receive up to 400 banknotes in national currency.

Of course, a specific amount can only be considered taking into account the reason for which the monthly maintenance was accrued. Most often, the degree that limits the subject’s legal capacity is affected.

If a citizen with certain disabilities can still work, then state support is not suspended. It is important to know that this applies only to those individuals who have not crossed the age threshold of 65 and 60 years for men and women.

Registration procedure

Old age social pension in 2020 is issued subject to a certain algorithm of actions:

1. At the initial stage, it is necessary to collect a certain package of documents and draw up an application for the desire to receive old-age social benefits.
2. Appear at the government structure specified by law to submit the entire package of papers.
3. Wait for the application to be reviewed and a decision made. The law allows 10 days for this, after which the future recipient of the allowance must be given an answer.
4. The Pension Fund will calculate the payment depending on the region of residence.
5. Receive the first cash payment, and this should happen no later than the next month after the month of submitting documents. For example, if the application was written in August, then the first social pension should be paid in September.

Where and how to contact

In 2020, social pension will be accrued to a person, provided that he himself is the initiator. If the documents are not submitted, representatives of the Pension Fund, and its employees directly involved in the calculation of pensions, will not accrue payments, since they have no basis for this. To register, you must contact one of the organizations:

• Multifunctional Center;
• territorial branch of the Pension Fund of Russia.

You can do this in several ways:

• On one's own. To do this, you need to prepare documents, write an application and visit a branch of the MFC or Pension Fund. The institution’s specialist is obliged to accept the documents and put a date and his own signature on the application, which will mean that the papers have been accepted for consideration.
• Via postal service. To do this, you need to send a registered letter with a description of the attachment. Upon receipt, the employee who accepted the documents will date and sign the return receipt.
• Through a legal representative. The procedure can be carried out if you have a notarized power of attorney. When filling out the application, you must write in the appropriate box “through the applicant” and indicate the details of the representative.
• Using the Internet. Anyone can register on the official website of the Russian Pension Fund, and then submit an application through their personal account to receive old-age benefits in 2020.

Rules for writing an application

An application for receiving a social old-age pension in 2020 can be filled out through your personal account on the website of the Russian Pension Fund or by hand by downloading the form on the portal itself. Data must be entered legibly and correctly, without allowing corrections. If the application is submitted by a stateless person or a foreign citizen, some information will need to be entered in the national language of the applicant.

The information that must be provided in the application includes:

• the name and address of the specific PFR branch where the applicant is applying;
• last name, first name, patronymic of the person according to the passport;
• passport details;
• registration address (registration);
• address of actual place of residence or stay;
• SNILS number;
• contact details of the applicant;
• presence/absence of dependents;
• information about work activity, if the person was officially registered;
• if the application is submitted by the applicant, indicate his personal data;
• list of documents attached to the application.

What documents need to be provided

Since the old-age social pension in 2020 is paid from the federal budget, a basis will be required for its calculation. The documents that will be required from the applicant include:

• an application drawn up in the form and signed by the applicant;
• pensioner's ID;
• an identification document of a citizen - his passport, regardless of citizenship;
• for foreigners and stateless persons, it is necessary to provide papers indicating their legal presence on the territory of the Russian Federation, for example, a residence permit;
• confirmation of a person’s belonging to the peoples of the Far North;
• power of attorney to perform actions on behalf of a person of retirement age;
• documents evidencing work experience.

An elderly person or his legal representative can submit the collected papers only upon the onset of the right to receive old-age social benefits - reaching the age specified by law. The specialist may request other documents, but he can only demand those that the pensioner can independently request from public or private organizations.

For the loss of a breadwinner

A survivor's pension is assigned to disabled citizens, the list of which includes:

1. Minor children who have lost one or all parents.
2. Adult children under 23 years of age who are full-time students.
3. Children of a deceased single mother.

They will be able to receive a pension if they can provide evidence that the income of the deceased person was the only source of subsistence. Adopted children and those whose parents are missing also have the right to receive a pension. The law states that a loved one whose actions were aimed at the death of a relative cannot apply for payment.

The size of the social pension in 2020

If you compare labor and social pensions, you can understand that they are calculated in completely different ways. The insurance benefit is designed to compensate for lost income upon reaching the age limit. For this reason, the size of the pensioner’s salary that he received before entering retirement must be taken into account. To calculate the old-age social pension in 2020, this will not be required, because it can be paid even to those who have not worked a single day and have not been registered with the employment service.

Such a payment is essentially a state benefit of the minimum amount, which is paid to a certain category of people. The size of the social pension is a fixed value, which is established by law, and the cost of living budget is taken as the basis. The last increase in social pension benefits was made on April 1, 2020 and the social pension was indexed to 8,742 rubles. The next increase is scheduled for April 1, after which the social pension in 2020 will be 9,045 rubles.

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Increasing coefficients

Unlike recipients of insurance pensions, applicants for social benefits in old age are not subject to any increasing or decreasing coefficients, since social pensions are fixed assistance from the state budget to certain individuals. Another thing is that for each category of persons who are entitled to receive a social old-age pension in 2020, separate minimum values ​​are established. So, for example, the allowance of a disabled child will be greater than that of an old man who has not earned enough to earn an insurance pension.

The difference in the amounts of payments for pensioners by age is fixed due to the different level of the subsistence level budget, which is established for the country as a whole and in each region separately. For this reason, residents of the Far North receive more than pensioners, for example, of the Astrakhan region. If a person changes his permanent place of residence, then subsequent payments to him are calculated based on the region where he decided to settle.

Additional payments up to the cost of living

As noted, the cost of living is established at the federal and regional levels. In 2018, the average basic cost of living for a pensioner in the country was 8,540 rubles, while for 2020 this figure is planned at 8,726 rubles. According to the law, the social old-age pension in 2020, which is payable to a person, should not be less than the subsistence level in the region.

Social benefits can be paid from the regional or federal budget. If the pension in the region is less than the average Russian subsistence level, the federal budget makes up for this difference. Supplements are paid from the regional treasury only in some regions. This applies to the city of Moscow and those regions where the cost of living is higher than in the country (Chukotka, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Sakhalin Region, etc.)

For an example of calculating additional payments from the federal budget, we can consider the following situation. A pensioner receives 7,650 rubles in allowance and lives in the Bryansk region, where the cost of living budget for a pensioner in 2020 is 8,095 rubles, which is lower than the Russian average (8,540 rubles). He is entitled to an additional payment from the federal budget of 445 rudders (8095–7650=445).

An example of an additional payment from the regional budget looks similar, with the only difference that the payment is accrued not from the federal, but from the regional budget. The pensioner receives 11,700 rubles and lives in the Magadan region. The subsistence budget for 2020 for elderly people here is set at 15,450 rubles, which is more than the Russian average (8,540 rubles). He is entitled to an additional payment of 3,750 rubles (15,450–11,700 = 3,750).

The minimum social pension in 2020 depends on the cost of living of pensioners in the region. The table below shows some of them:

What social payments are due to different categories of citizens for 2020?

Until April 2020, persons with disabilities of the first category received a monthly allowance, the amount of which was equal to 10,068 rubles, but after indexation, the amount increased to 10,360 rubles. This group includes those subjects who have completely lost their legal capacity due to illness or injury. These people need regular care.

However, it is worth considering that the benefit does not apply to those citizens who have caused irreparable harm to their health while under the influence of alcohol or drugs, as well as those persons who were injured while committing illegal acts.

People with disabilities of the second category, after indexing, receive 5,180 rubles monthly. This group includes subjects who cannot earn their own living, but are able to take care of themselves.

People with disabilities of the third category can claim 4,403 rubles per month. This group includes those segments of the population who have lost the ability to work in their specialty or to work fully, but can still provide for themselves by joining an organization whose requirements allow them to continue working in a simplified mode.

Persons with disabilities have received benefits since childhood, the amount of which depends on the category of disability. The allowance for disabled children or disabled children of the first category for 2018 is 12,439 rubles, and for subjects of the second category of disability - 10,369 rubles.

Citizens who have reached retirement age can count on a payment of 5,180 rubles. The same amount of salary is due to foreigners or stateless persons if they have been living in Russia for fifteen years or more.

Minors or full-time students who have lost their breadwinner receive a monthly allowance, the amount of which depends on whether they have lost one parent or both:

• If both parents died, then the amount of payments will be 10,369 rubles per month;
• If one parent died, then 5180 rubles monthly.

If we look at indexing this year, it did not produce tangible changes for any category. However, perhaps things will change for the better next year.

#Indexation #Pension reform #Pension reform 2018 #Pension bonuses #Pension #Pension 2020 #Pension in Russia #Pension for disabled people #Old age pension #Pension amount #Social pension

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Indexation of social pensions in 2020

An increase in the social pension in 2020 is planned from April. The figure is adjusted annually and for this year will be 4.1%. This is an established practice that will help bring the average social pension in the country to 9,045 rubles. More specific figures will be known later and depend on the state of the country’s economy and budget capacity. According to official sources, people who have retired will not receive less than the minimum subsistence level established for a pensioner in 2020. They are planned to be paid extra from the budget, as was done previously.

Old age pension amount

Old age pension includes:

1. Basic part (fixed rate, from April 1, 2020, equal to the amount of 4823 rubles). 2. Insurance part. It is formed from the number of collected IPCs and their value at the current point in time. Today, one IPC point costs 78 rubles 58 kopecks. To find out the total amount of the insurance pension, multiply the number of points by the cost of one point. 3. Various allowances for working and living in the Far North and adjacent territories, as well as for other points established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Terms and procedure for payment

The first payment of money to a pensioner should take place in the month following the submission of documents. If representatives of the Pension Fund of Russia decided that not all documents were in order and gave it an additional period to resolve the problem, the countdown begins from the moment the papers are transferred (provided that the applicant invested in the agreed time). You can receive allowance in several ways, but you must choose one of them, which is indicated when filling out the application. A citizen can change the method at any time by writing a corresponding application.

Social old-age pension in 2020 can be transferred to:

• At the post office. You can receive money at the nearest territorial branch, or at home through the postman.
• Through the bank. There are two ways to do this. The first is to get a bank card and withdraw money as needed from an ATM, or pay using plastic non-cash for purchases and services. The second method is to receive money monthly through the cash desk of a selected banking institution. Money is credited to the pension account on the day it is received from the Pension Fund.
• Through a special organization that has an agreement with the Pension Fund.

Is the “rural” surcharge indexed?

People who have worked in rural areas for many years are now entitled to a pension supplement. I don’t understand how it is calculated and whether it is subject to indexation?

O. Golovanov, Ivanovo region.

Indeed, since last year, village residents have the right to an increased fixed payment to the old-age or disability insurance pension. The rural supplement is 25% of the fixed payment. Considering that it is indexed annually, the “rural” increase is also growing. In 2020, the fixed payment increased from 5334 to 5686 rubles. As a result, the increase for village pensioners increased from 1333 to 1421 rubles, for recipients of disability pensions with group III - from 667 to 711 rubles. From January 1, 2021, as a result of the annual indexation of insurance pensions, the rural increase will also be increased again.